如何在AngularJS项目中集成JWT进行身份验证

蜗牛互联网技术资讯2024-10-0440

在AngularJS项目中集成JSON Web Tokens（JWT）进行身份验证涉及多个步骤。以下是一个基本的指南，帮助你完成这个过程：

1. 设置后端服务

首先，你需要一个后端服务来生成和验证JWT。这里假设你使用的是Node.js和Express。

安装必要的包

npm install express jsonwebtoken bcryptjs body-parser

创建Express应用

创建一个基本的Express应用，并设置JWT密钥。

const express = require('express');
const jwt = require('jsonwebtoken');
const bcrypt = require('bcryptjs');
const bodyParser = require('body-parser'); const app = express();
app.use(bodyParser.json()); const SECRET_KEY = 'your-secret-key'; // 模拟用户数据库const users = [
  { id: 1, username: 'user1', password: '$2a$10$EixZaYVK1fsbw1ZfbX3OXePaWxn96p36WQoeG6Lruj3vjPGga36' // 'password1' encrypted}; // 注册新用户app.post('/register', async (req, res) => { const { username, password } = req.body; const hashedPassword = await bcrypt.hash(password, 10);
  users.push({ id: Date.now(), username, password: hashedPassword });
  res.status(201).send('User registered');
}); // 登录用户并返回JWTapp.post('/login', async (req, res) => { const { username, password } = req.body; const user = users.find(u => u.username === username); if (!user || !await bcrypt.compare(password, user.password)) { return res.status(401).send('Invalid credentials');
  } const token = jwt.sign({ id: user.id }, SECRET_KEY, { expiresIn: '1h' });
  res.json({ token });
}); // 保护路由app.get('/protected', verifyToken, (req, res) => {
  jwt.verify(req.token, SECRET_KEY, (err, decoded) => { if (err) return res.status(500).send('Failed to authenticate token');
    res.json({ message: 'This is a protected route', user: decoded });
  });
}); // JWT验证中间件function verifyToken(req, res, next) { const bearerHeader = req.headers['authorization']; if (typeof bearerHeader !== 'undefined') { const bearerToken = bearerHeader.split(' ')[1];
    req.token = bearerToken; next();
  } else {
    res.status(403).send('No token provided');
  }
}

app.listen(3000, () => { console.log('Server is running on port 3000');
});

2. 设置AngularJS应用

接下来，我们设置AngularJS应用，并使用$http服务与后端交互。

创建AngularJS应用

<!DOCTYPE html><html ng-app="myApp"><head> <title>AngularJS JWT Authentication</title> <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/angularjs/1.8.2/angular.min.js"></script></head><body ng-controller="mainController"> <h1>AngularJS JWT Authentication</h1> <button ng-click="register()">Register</button> <button ng-click="login()">Login</button> <button ng-click="protected()">Protected Route</button> <div ng-if="message">{{message}}</div> <script> const app = angular.module('myApp', []);
    app.controller('mainController', ['$scope', '$http', function($scope, $http) {
      $scope.message = '';

      $scope.register = async () => { const response = await $http.post('http://localhost:3000/register', { username: 'user1', password: 'password1' });
        $scope.message = response.data;
      };

      $scope.login = async () => { const response = await $http.post('http://localhost:3000/login', { username: 'user1', password: 'password1' }); localStorage.setItem('token', response.data.token);
        $scope.message = response.data;
      };

      $scope.protected = async () => { const token = localStorage.getItem('token'); if (token) { const response = await $http.get('http://localhost:3000/protected', { headers: { Authorization: `Bearer ${token}` } });
          $scope.message = response.data.message;
        } else {
          $scope.message = 'No token provided';
        }
      };
    }]); </script></body></html>