Hive基础操作的示例代码

这篇文章将为大家详细讲解有关Hive基础操作的示例代码，小编觉得挺实用的，因此分享给大家做个参考，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后可以有所收获。

1.在hive的服务端新建源数据

[root@hadoop5 ~]# cat hivedata 
1,xiaoming,read-tv-code,beijing:chaoyang-shanghai:pudong
2,lisi,cook-game,chongqing:yongchun-sichuan:yibing
3,zhangsan,shop-eat,shanghai:xujiahui

2.创建内部表

create table test1
(id int,name string,likes array<string>,address map<string,string>)
row format delimited
fields terminated by ','
collection items terminated by '-'
map keys terminated by ':';

3.将数据导入hive

load data local inpath '/root/hivedata' into table test1;

0: jdbc:hive2://hadoop5:10000> select * from test1;
+-----------+-------------+-----------------------+----------------------------------------------+
| test1.id  | test1.name  |      test1.likes      |                test1.address                 |
+-----------+-------------+-----------------------+----------------------------------------------+
| 1         | xiaoming    | ["read","tv","code"]  | {"beijing":"chaoyang","shanghai":"pudong"}   |
| 2         | lisi        | ["cook","game"]       | {"chongqing":"yongchun","sichuan":"yibing"}  |
| 3         | zhangsan    | ["shop","eat"]        | {"shanghai":"xujiahui"}                      |
+-----------+-------------+-----------------------+----------------------------------------------+
3 rows selected (0.207 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://hadoop5:10000>

4.创建外部表（在hive中删除后，hdfs上数据不会删除）

create external table test2
(id int,name string,likes array<string>,address map<string,string>)
row format delimited
fields terminated by ','
collection items terminated by '-'
map keys terminated by ':'
location '/user/test2';

5.以test1的部分列为模板创建test3

create table test3 as select id, name from test1;

0: jdbc:hive2://hadoop5:10000> desc test3;
+-----------+------------+----------+
| col_name  | data_type  | comment  |
+-----------+------------+----------+
| id        | int        |          |
| name      | string     |          |
+-----------+------------+----------+
2 rows selected (0.406 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://hadoop5:10000>

6.参照test1创建test4

create table test4 like test1;

7.创建分区表

create table test5
(id int,name string,likes array<string>,address map<string,string>)
partitioned by (sex string)
row format delimited
fields terminated by ','
collection items terminated by '-'
map keys terminated by ':';

0: jdbc:hive2://hadoop5:10000> desc test5;
+--------------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
|         col_name         |       data_type       |        comment        |
+--------------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| id                       | int                   |                       |
| name                     | string                |                       |
| likes                    | array<string>         |                       |
| address                  | map<string,string>    |                       |
| sex                      | string                |                       |
|                          | NULL                  | NULL                  |
| # Partition Information  | NULL                  | NULL                  |
| # col_name               | data_type             | comment               |
|                          | NULL                  | NULL                  |
| sex                      | string                |                       |
+--------------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
10 rows selected (0.382 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://hadoop5:10000>

8.为该分区添加加载数据

load data local inpath '/root/hivedata' into table test5 partition (sex='boy');

0: jdbc:hive2://hadoop5:10000> select * from test5;
+-----------+-------------+-----------------------+----------------------------------------------+------------+
| test5.id  | test5.name  |      test5.likes      |                test5.address                 | test5.sex  |
+-----------+-------------+-----------------------+----------------------------------------------+------------+
| 1         | xiaoming    | ["read","tv","code"]  | {"beijing":"chaoyang","shanghai":"pudong"}   | boy        |
| 2         | lisi        | ["cook","game"]       | {"chongqing":"yongchun","sichuan":"yibing"}  | boy        |
| 3         | zhangsan    | ["shop","eat"]        | {"shanghai":"xujiahui"}                      | boy        |
+-----------+-------------+-----------------------+----------------------------------------------+------------+
3 rows selected (0.784 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://hadoop5:10000>

9.为test5添加一个sex=girl的分区

alter table test5 add partition (sex='girl');

10.删除一个分区

alter table test5 drop partition (sex='girl');

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